Kuki abantu basigaye barakara cyane?

IMPAMVU zituma abantu barakara ziratandukanye. Abahanga mu bya siyansi na bo bemera ko batarasobanukirwa neza impamvu zituma abantu barakara. Icyakora muri rusange, abahanga mu birebana n’indwara zo mu mutwe, bagaragaza ko abantu bose bashobora kurakara bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye.

Umuntu ashobora kurakara bitewe n’uko ababajwe cyangwa abangamiwe n’ikintu runaka. Akenshi turakara bitewe n’akarengane cyangwa gukorerwa ibintu bidakwiriye. Ibyo bikunze kubaho iyo dututswe cyangwa tugasuzugurwa. Nanone umuntu ashobora kurakara bitewe n’uko hari ushaka kurengera uburenganzira bwe cyangwa kwanduza izina rye.

Birumvikana ko ibirakaza abantu bitandukana bitewe n’umuntu uwo ari we. Bishobora guterwa n’ikigero agezemo, igitsina cyangwa umuco. Nanone uko abantu bitwara mu gihe barakajwe, biratandukanye. Hari abantu batarakazwa n’ubusa cyangwa hagira ubarakaza bakabyibagirwa vuba. Hari n’abandi barakazwa n’ubusa kandi bakaba bashobora kumara iminsi barakaye, ibyumweru, amezi cyangwa igihe kirekire kurushaho.

Mu buzima duhura n’ibintu byinshi biturakaza, kandi hari igihe kubyihanganira bitugora. Kubera iki? Imwe mu mpamvu zibitera ni ubwikunde buranga abantu bo muri iki gihe. Bibiliya igira iti “mu minsi y’imperuka . . . abantu bazaba bikunda, bakunda amafaranga, birarira, bishyira hejuru, . . . ari ibyigenge, [kandi] bibona” (2 Timoteyo 3:1-5). Ese ibyo ntibigaragaza neza imyifatire y’abantu benshi bo muri iki gihe?

Akenshi iyo abantu barangwa n’ubwikunde bakorewe ikintu mu buryo bunyuranye n’uko babyifuzaga, birabarakaza. Nanone hari izindi mpamvu zituma abantu barushaho kurakara. Reka turebe zimwe muri zo.

Uko umuntu yarezwe

Ababyeyi bagira ingaruka ku mico umwana agira ari muto kugeza abaye ingimbi cyangwa umwangavu. Umuhanga mu by’imitekerereze y’abantu witwa Harry L. Mills, yaravuze ati “uburakari umuntu agaragaza kuva akiri muto, aba yarabukomoye ku bo yagiye ahura na bo.”

Iyo umwana akuriye ahantu habi, aho abantu barakazwa n’ubusa, mu by’ukuri ni nk’aho aba atozwa kuzajya akemuza ibibazo uburakari. Imimerere uwo mwana arererwamo, twayigereranya n’ikimera kivomerwa amazi mabi. Nubwo icyo kimera gishobora kuzakura, kizagwingira cyangwa se gikurane ubusembwa. Uburakari twabugereranya n’ayo mazi mabi, kandi abana bakuriye ahantu nk’aho, bashobora kuzajya bahorana uburakari bamaze kuba bakuru.

Imigi ituwe cyane

Mu mwaka wa 1800, abaturage b’isi bagera hafi kuri batatu ku ijana, babaga mu migi. Mu mwaka wa 2008, uwo mubare wariyongereye ugera kuri 50 ku ijana, kandi mu wa 2050, bashobora kuzagera kuri 70 ku ijana. Uko abantu bagenda barushaho kwirunda mu migi ituwe cyane, ni na ko ibibatesha umutwe n’ibibarakaza birushaho kwiyongera. Urugero, umugi wa Mexico ni umwe mu migi minini kandi ituwe n’abantu benshi ku isi. Imodoka nyinshi ziba zuzuye umuhanda ziri mu bitesha abantu umutwe. Uwo mugi utuwe n’abantu bagera hafi kuri miriyoni 18, kandi ubamo imodoka zigera hafi kuri miriyoni esheshatu. Hari umunyamakuru wagize ati  “ibyo bituma uwo mugi uba umurwa mukuru wa mbere ku isi ushyushya abantu umutwe. Imodoka ziba ari nyinshi cyane ku buryo bishyushya abantu umutwe bigatuma barakara.”

Hari ibindi bintu bitera imihangayiko abantu bo mu migi ituwe cyane, muri byo hakaba harimo urusaku, guhumanya ikirere, kubura amacumbi, imico itandukanye n’ibikorwa byinshi by’ubugizi bwa nabi. Uko ibyo bintu birushaho kwiyongera, ni ko n’abantu barushaho kurakara kandi kwihangana bikabagora.

Ihungabana ry’ubukungu

Ihungabana ry’ubukungu ryatumye abantu bo hirya no hino ku isi bahangayika, kandi rituma bata umutwe. Raporo yo mu mwaka wa 2010 yatanzwe n’Ikigega Mpuzamahanga cy’Imari hamwe n’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga Wita ku Murimo, yagize iti “abantu barenga miriyoni 210 ku isi, nta kazi bafite.” Ikibabaje ni uko abenshi mu basezerewe ku kazi batari barizigamiye, kandi nta n’uburyo bwateganyijwe bwo kubitaho.

Ariko ibyo ntibishatse kuvuga ko abafite akazi bo bagashize. Dukurikije raporo ya wa  Muryango Mpuzamahanga Wita ku Murimo, imihangayiko iterwa n’akazi “ni ikibazo kiri ku isi hose.” Umujyanama mu by’imiyoborere witwa Lorne Curtis ukorera mu ntara ya Ontario muri Kanada, yaravuze ati “abantu benshi batinya ko bashobora kwirukanwa, kandi bahora biteze ibibi gusa.” Yakomeje avuga ko “ibyo bituma bashaka kwihagararaho, kandi bagatongana n’abakoresha babo cyangwa abandi bakozi.”

Urwikekwe n’akarengane

Tekereza uko wakumva umeze uramutse ugiye mu isiganwa ry’amaguru, maze ugasanga ari wowe wenyine basabye kwiruka ubohesheje iminyururu. Abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni iyo barenganyijwe bazira ubwoko bwabo cyangwa urwikekwe, bumva bameze batyo. Iyo abantu bashyiriweho imipaka ituma batabona akazi, ishuri, aho kuba n’ibindi bintu by’ibanze bakenera mu buzima, bituma baba abarakare.

Nanone umuntu ashobora gukorerwa ibikorwa by’akarengane bikamutera intimba ku mutima n’agahinda kenshi. Ikibabaje, ni uko hafi ya twese twagiye duhura n’akarengane. Hashize imyaka irenga ibihumbi bitatu umwami w’umunyabwenge Salomo avuze ati “mbona amarira y’abakandamizwa, ariko ntibari bafite uwo kubahumuriza” (Umubwiriza 4:1). Iyo akarengane kagwiriye kandi abantu ntibagire ubahumuriza,  uburakari bushobora kwiyongera mu buryo bworoshye.

Imyidagaduro

Hakozwe ubushakashatsi burenga igihumbi bugamije kureba ingaruka urugomo rugaragara kuri televiziyo no mu rindi tangazamakuru rugira ku bana. Uwitwa James P. Steyer, washinze ishyirahamwe rigira inama abagize imiryango ku birebana n’ingingo zisohoka mu itangazamakuru, yaravuze ati “iyo abantu bakunze kwerekwa ibikorwa byinshi by’urugomo nyarugomo, bakura bumva ko nta cyo rutwaye, bakananirwa kurwirinda kandi ntibagire impuhwe.”

Ni iby’ukuri ko abenshi mu bakiri bato bamenyereye kubona ibikorwa by’urugomo kuri televiziyo, badakura ngo babe abagizi ba nabi ruharwa. Ariko akenshi imyidagaduro iboneka mu itangazamakuru, ituma abantu bumva ko kurakara atari bibi mu gihe basembuwe, kandi ibyo byatumye abantu bumva ko urugomo nta cyo rutwaye.

Uruhare rw’abadayimoni

Bibiliya igaragaza ko hari ikiremwa gifite imbaraga kitaboneka, cyihishe inyuma y’uburakari bukaze burangwa muri iyi si. Ibyo bishoboka bite? Abantu bagitangira kubaho, hari umumarayika wigometse ku Mana Ishoborabyose. Uwo mumarayika mubi yitwa Satani, mu giheburayo bikaba bisobanura “Umwanzi” cyangwa “Urwanya” (Intangiriro 3:1-13). Nyuma yaho, Satani yashutse abandi bamarayika bifatanya na we muri uko kwigomeka.

Abo bamarayika bigometse, bitwa abadayimoni cyangwa imyuka mibi, bajugunywe ku isi (Ibyahishuwe 12:9, 10, 12). Uretse n’ibyo, bafite “uburakari bwinshi” kuko bazi ko basigaranye igihe gito. Ku bw’ibyo, nubwo tudashobora kubona abadayimoni, twibonera ingaruka z’ibikorwa byabo. Mu buhe buryo?

Satani n’abadayimoni be buririra kuri kamere yacu yo kudatungana, bakadushora mu ‘nzangano, gushyamirana, ishyari, kuzabiranywa n’uburakari, amakimbirane, amacakubiri, kurara inkera n’ibindi nk’ibyo.’—Abagalatiya 5:19-21.

Irinde uburakari

Koko rero, iyo dusuzumye ibyo bintu byose hamwe n’imihangayiko abantu bahura na yo ndetse n’ibindi bibatsikamira, duhita twiyumvisha impamvu bakunda kurakara.

Hari igihe tunanirwa kwifata, maze tukarakara cyangwa tukagaragaza umujinya tuba tumaranye igihe. Mu ngingo ikurikira, turi busuzume uko twakwifata mu gihe turakaye.

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 5]

USHOBORA KUBA UFITE IKIBAZO GIKOMEYE NIBA . . .

▶ Ujya urakara mu gihe utonze umurongo utegereje guhaha.

▶ Ukunda gutongana n’abo mukorana.

▶ Hari igihe urara utagohetse utekereza ku bintu byakurakaje ku manywa.

▶ Kubabarira abaguhemukiye bijya bikugora.

▶ Kwifata bikunda kukugora mu gihe urakaye.

▶ Nyuma yo kurakara wumva ufite ikimwaro cyangwa ukicuza. *

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Agasanduku ko ku ipaji ya 6]

IMIBARE IVUGA IBIREBANA N’UBURAKARI

Umuryango w’i Londres mu Bwongereza wita ku burwayi bwo mu mutwe, wasohoye raporo ku birebana n’ikibazo cy’uburakari. Dore bimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi iyo raporo yagaragaje:

84% by’abakozi, bahura n’imihangayiko ku kazi iruta iyo mu myaka 5 ishize.

65% by’abakozi bo mu biro bagiye barakarira mu kazi, cyangwa bakabona abandi barakara.

45% by’abakozi bakunda gutonganira ku kazi.

Hafi 60% by’abakozi, basiba akazi bitewe n’umunaniro ukabije.

33% by’Abongereza barakarira abaturanyi babo, ku buryo batabavugisha.

64% by’ababajijwe bemeza ko abantu muri rusange bagenda barushaho kurakara.

32% bavuze ko bafite incuti cyangwa umwe mu bagize umuryango udashobora kwifata mu gihe arakaye.

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 5]

Ni izihe ngaruka uburakari bwawe bushobora kugira ku bana bawe?

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 6]

Ese imyidagaduro igira ingaruka ku kuntu ubona uburakari n’urugomo?