Yeqa uye kokuphakathi

Impawu Ezazisetshenziswa Endulo

Impawu Ezazisetshenziswa Endulo

Endulo uphawu yinto eyayisetshenziswa ukudinda futhi izikhathi ezinengi kwakudindwa phezu kwebumba loba ingcino. Impawu loba izidindo lezi zazibunjwe ngendlela ezitshiyeneyo. Ngokwesibonelo ezinye zaziyisigombolozi, ezinye ziyi-square kuthi ezinye zinjengekhanda lenyamazana. Uphawu lwalutshengisa ukuthi ulutho ngolukabani, luqinisekise ukuthi into iliqiniso kumbe ivunyelwene, njalo lwalufakwa kumbe lunanyathiselwe eminyango yemigodi lamathuna lasemilonyeni yezikhwama ukuze kukhanye nxa umuntu eke wazama ukuvula.

Isidindo esilomfanekiso otshengisa inkosi yasePhesiya uDariyu I izingela, lalapho okudindwe khona ngaso

Impawu lezi zazisenziwa ngezinto ezitshiyeneyo ezigoqela ithambo, ilitshe okuthiwa yi-limestone, insimbi loba isigodo. Kwesinye isikhathi uphawu lwalusiba lebizo lomnikazi, isikhundla alaso lebizo likayise. Wawusithi ungadinda ngalo kusale kubhalile konke lokho.

Ukuze kukhanye ukuthi into ebhaliweyo iliqiniso, umnikazi wayedinda phezu kwebumba kumbe ingcino eyabe inanyathiselwe ephepheni lelo. (UJobe 38:14) Ngokuya kwesikhathi ibumba kumbe ingcino le yayisoma iqine ukuze incwadi leyo ingavuleki lula.

Impawu Zazitshengisa Ukuthi Umuntu Ulemvumo Yokwenza Okuthile

Umuntu wayenikwa uphawu ukuze kukhanye ukuthi usebekwe esikhundleni kumbe usephiwe amandla okwenza okuthile. Ngokwesibonelo lokhu kwake kwenzakala lapho uJosefa umntakaJakhobe ebekwa esikhundleni esithile nguFaro umbusi waseGibhithe. UJosefa wayeke waba yisigqili eGibhithe, wasebotshwa wavalelwa ejele. Kodwa ngokuya kwesikhathi uFaro wamkhulula wasemnika isikhundla sokuphatha lonke ilizwe laseGibhithe. IBhayibhili lithi: ‘UFaro wathatha indandatho yophawu lwakhe eyayisemunweni wakhe wayifaka emunweni kaJosefa.’ (UGenesisi 41:42) UJosefa wayeselawo amandla okubusa ngenxa yokuthi wayesephiwe indandatho yenkosi elophawu.

UJezebheli owayeyindlovukazi ko-Israyeli wasebenzisa uphawu lomkakhe lapho esakha icebo lokubulalisa indoda engelacala okwakuthiwa nguNabothi. Wabhala izincwadi ngebizo lomkakhe u-Ahabi wazithumela ebadaleni bako-Israyeli ebatshela ukuthi bethese uNabothi icala lokuthuka uNkulunkulu. Wadinda incwadi lezi ngophawu lwenkosi u-Ahabi futhi waphumelela ekwenzeni icebo lakhe elibi.—1 AmaKhosi 21:5-14.

Inkosi yasePhesiya u-Ahasuweru yadinda izincwadi ngendandatho yayo elophawu ukuze itshengise ukuthi imilayo eyayilapho yayivela kuyo.—U-Esta 3:10, 12.

Umlobi weBhayibhili uNehemiya wabhala ukuthi abakhokheli, abaLevi kanye labaphristi bako-Israyeli batshengisa ukuthi bayasivuma isivumelwano esasibhaliwe ngokufaka uphawu.—UNehemiya 1:1; 9:38.

IBhayibhili liyatsho lokuthi impawu zazisetshenziswa nxa kuvalwa iminyango yezindawo ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, uDanyeli aze aphoselwe emgodini wezilwane, ‘umnyango womgodi wavalwa ngelitshe.’ Ngemva kwalokho uDariyu inkosi yamaMede lamaPhesiya ‘yalinameka ngendandatho yayo yobukhosi langezindandatho zezikhulu zayo, ukuze isinqumo mayelana loDanyeli singaguqulwa.’—UDanyeli 6:17.

Kanti njalo ngesikhathi isidumbu sikaJesu sibekwa ethuneni, izitha zakhe zahamba ‘zayalinda ithuna zaqinisa ngokubeka uphawu phezu kwelitshe’ elalivale ithuna. (UMathewu 27:66, The Holy Bible in Ndebele) Omunye umlobi okuthiwa nguDavid L. Turner wathi nxa kuyikuthi uphawu lolu lwalungolwababusi baseRoma kumele ukuthi lwaludindwe phezu kwebumba kumbe ingcino njalo lufakwe emkenkeni owawulapho okuhlangana khona ilitshe lomnyango wethuna.

Abahlola ngezembali sebedingisisa okunengi okuphathelene lempawu loba izidindo lezi ngoba kukhanya zingabatshengisa okunengi okwakusenzakala endulo. Ukuhlolisisa lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi yi-sigillography kukhanya sokuqakathekiswa sibili.